Heat insulating metal body



March 30, 1937. ,1. P. DE CLOUD. 2,075,333

I HEAT INSULATING METAL BODY Filed Jan. 25, 1934 deg w I #54 ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 30, I 937 UNITED STATES PATENT orr cr.

HEAT INSULATING METAL BODY Joseph Poissant De Cloud, Kansas City, Mo.

Application My invention relates to improvements in heat insulating metal bodies. It is particularly well adapted for use in heat insulating the inner walls of metal parts of an internal combustion motor, which parts, such as the combustion chamber, exhaust manifold and exhaust pipe have their inner walls subjected to contact with the heated products of combustion.

It is known that increased efficiency is afforded in an internal combustion motor with increased temperature in the combustion chamber, Such increase of temperature, however, has had its limitations, due to liability of damage to parts of the motor caused by too high heating.

One of the objects of my invention is to provldea metal body having a superficial portion integrally united with a refractory material of low heat conductivity, whereby said superficial portion heat insulates the part to the rear of it.

A further object of my invention is to provide a novel method of forming such insulating portion of the metal body.

My invention still further provides a heat in-. sulating lining integral with the inner walls of parts of an internal combustion motor, such as the combustion chamber, exhaust manifold and exhaust pipe, which walls are subjected to contact with the heated products of combustion, whereby a high temperature with its accompanying efficiency may be employed in the combustion chamber, without liability of damage to the motor parts.

My invention also provides a novel method of producing such integral heat insulating lining in the internal .combustion motor.

The novel features of my invention are hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing which illustrates portions of an internal combustion engine provided with my improvement,

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of portions of one of the cylinders, part of the cylinder head and portions of the valves and piston adjacent to the cylinder, on the line l-l of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line |l of Fig. 1, showing in addition to what is shown in Fig. 1, portions of the exhaust manifold and of the exhaust pipe connected therewith.

Fig.3 isan under view of that portion of the head shown in Fig. 1.

Similar characters of reference designate similar parts in the diiferent views.

In carrying my improved method into effect, the portion of a metal body which is to be provided with my improved heat insulating lining,

January 25, 1934, Serial No. 708,335

17 Claims. I (CI. 91-70) is superficially fused, as by means of an oxyacetylene or oxyhydrogen torch flame, or by means of an electrical current of proper amperage and voltage applied to the metal to be treated in the manner usual with the operation of such devices.

A refractory material of low heat conductivity is then applied to and made integral with the fused metal, thereby providing a heat insulating lining for the portion of the metal so heated.

The refractory material may be a silicious mineral, such as quartz or mica; an amphibole mineral, such as asbestos; or other suitable refractory material of low heat conductivity, such as kaolin, or metal oxides, as of iron, chromium, or

manganese. A

The refractory material may be integrally united withthe fused metal to which it is applied by impregnating the fused metal with the comminuted refractory material, which impregnation may be effected by blasting the comminuted refractory material into the molten metal surface, as with the use of an air or steam blast, or by centrifugally propelling the comminuted .material into the fused metal in which the material becomes' embedded and integrally united therewith. When the metal is cooled and has become hardened, the refractory material will form therewith a heat insulating cover or lining, which will afiord protection to the metal against great heat which may be applied to the covered surface.

In the adaptation of my invention to parts of an .intemal combustion motor, the parts may be treated by my improved method prior to their assemblage on the machine.

In the drawing, I have shown a portion only of the head I and one of the exhaust ports 2 therein; a part of the exhaust manifold 3; a part of one cylinder 4; a part of one piston 5; and but one exhaust valve 6 and intake valve 1, but it will be understood that each of the intake and exhaust valves; each piston and each exhaust,

port of the motor will be treated in the manner hereinafter described. The cylinders will not be subjected to the treatment, nor the intake ports.

one of which, I, is shown.

The under side of the head I where it registers with a cylinder 4 will be superficially fused by means of a blow torch, electrical current or othe suitable means, and the'comminuted refractory material of low heat conductivity, designated by 8, will be blasted into the fused metal, by means of a steam or air blast, or by centrifugal propulsion from a suitable projector.

In like manner, the upper side of each piston 5 is provided with a similar insulating lining 9. The under side of each exhaust valve 6 is similarly provided with a similar lining It]. A similar lining I l is provided on the under side of each intake valve 1. A similar lining I2 is provided in each exhaust port 2, and a corresponding lining I3 is provided throughout the inner wall of'the exhaust manifold 3.

A refractory tube M of low heat conductivity, as asbestos, may be inserted into the exhaust pipe l5, Fig. 2, as a. lining therefor.

An internal combustion motor provided, as has been described, with my improved heat insulation, will have a higher temperature in the combustion chamber, with a proportionate increase in efiiciency, than a similar motor not so equipped, and the rise in temperature will not effect damage to the motor.

By superficially fusing portions of ametal body and impregnating said melted portions with the refractory material, as practiced with my improved process, the material becomes embedded in and integral with the body of the metal, and forms therewith a lining, which is not a mere coating or scale on the metal, and whichwhen the metal is subjected to great changes in temperature and expands and contracts, will not crack and fall from the body of the metal, as

is liable to occur where the material is fused upon the unmelted portion of the metal. 7

My improved process is of particular value in connection with the treatment of the inner sides of the metal parts of 'the'comblistion chambers of internal combustion motors, in which the parts are subjected to'great changes in temperature, and to expansion and contraction such that if the refractory lining were not embedded in and formed an integral part of such parts, the lining would be liable to scale or flake off, forming deposits which would be liable to damage the working partscontacting therewith. With the em- 'ployment of my improved process in forming the refractory non-heat conductive lining, this lia- 8 bility of damage is eliminated.

Blasting the comminuted refractory material of low heat conductivity, as with an air or steam blast as described, projects the refractory material at high velocity into the molten metal, im-

0 pregnating the latter and forming therewith an integral body of low heat conductivity, as distinguished from a mere superficial coating.

My invention may be modified in many ways, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. The method consisting in superficially fusing a portion of a metal bodyand impregnating said fused portion with a refractory comminuted material of low heat conductivity by projecting said material at high velocity into said fused portions.

2. The method consisting in superficially fusing a portion ofa metal body and impregnating said fused portion with a refractory comminuted material of low heat conductivity by blasting said material at high velocity into said fused portion.

3. The method consisting in superficially fusing a portion of a metal body and impregnating said fused portion with a refractory comminuted silicious material of low heat conductivity.

fused portion with amphibole by projecting the comminuted amphibole at fused portion.

8. The method consisting in superficially fusing a portion of a metal body and impregnating said fused portion with the refractory comminuted amphibole.

9. The method consisting in superficially fusing a portion of a metal body and impregnating said fused portion with asbestos by projecting the comminuted asbestos at high velocity into said fused portion. H

10. The method consisting in superficially fusing a portion of a metal body and impregnating said fusedportion with comminuted asbestos.

11. The method consisting in superficially fusing inner surface portions of metal parts of an internal combustion motor, which parts are tobe subjected to contact with heated products of combustion, and impregnating said portions with comminuted refractory materialof low heat conductivity by projecting said material at high velocity into said portions.

12. The method consisting in superficially fusing inner surface portions of metal parts of an internal combustion motor, which parts are to be subjected to contact with heated products of combustion, and impregnating said portions with comminuted quartz.

13. The method consisting in superficially fusing inner surface portions of metal parts of an internal combustion motor, which parts are to be subjected to contact with heated products of combustion, and impregnating said portions with comminuted mica.

14. The method consisting in superficiallyfusing inner surface portions of metal parts of an internal combustion motor, which parts are to be subjected to contact with heated products of combustion, and impregnating said portions with comminuted asbestos.

high velocity into said 15. A metal part of the combustion chamber of heat conductivity.

JOSEPH POISSANT DE CLOUD. 

